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V. Manjunatha ¹, H. Devendrappa ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri-574199, IN

Abstract

This paper presents information concerning the thermal, conductivity and miracle morphological properties of lithium doped polymer electrolytes applicable for high-energy density batteries and other solid state electrochemical devices. DSC results show the glass transition temperature decreases from -78.01°C (PEO) to -79.62°C (doped PEO), and decrease in crystalline nature, indicate the amorphous phase becomes more flexible, and the exchange of ions becomes very easy. As a result, activation energy lowers and hence the ionic conductivity increases. The dc conductivity increases from 6.25x10^-8 Scm^-1 to 6.56x10^-4 Scm^-1 at room temperature, reveals the addition of dopant favors to form more transient cross links, with dimensional stable morphology due to large cat ion-anion association effects and decrease in viscosity and, hence, increase in chain flexibility, mobility of Li⁺, and conductivity. The incorporation of lithium salt into the PEO improves the smooth morphology, with the development of streaks and reduction in crystalline nature. The morphology of the film changes substantially on addition of dopant.

Keywords

DSC, DC Conductivity, SEM, Crystallinity.

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V. Hanumantharaju ¹, A. G. Babu ², V. Manjunatha ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Seed Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Crop Physiology, Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Field and Laboratory experiments were conducted to know the influence of bioagents viz., soybean Rhizobium, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viridae, VAM and co-inoculation on seed yield and quality of soybean. Seeds treated with soybean Rhizobium @ 20 g/kg seed + Bacillus subtilis @ 20 g/kg seed + VAM @ 10 kg/ha + Trichoderma viridae @ 5 g/kg seed recorded significantly higher number ofnodules in plant (39.3 and 54.1 at 30 and 60 days after sowing respectively), number of pods (54.7 and 77.0 at 60 days after sowing harvest, respectively), seed yield (21.61 g/plant and 29.95 q/ha), net returns (Rs 58,244), benefit:cost (4.5), 100 seeds weight (14.85 g), total dehydrogenase activity (0.950), protein content (41.73 %), germination (97%), seedling length (34.3 cm), seedling dry weight (58.8 mg), vigour index-I (3323) and II (6676), and number of bacteria and fungal colonies (42 x 10⁶cfu/g soil and 16 x 10³cfu/g soil).

Keywords

Antagonistics, Bacillus, Bioagents, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, Rhizobium, Seed Quality, Seed Vigour.

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